The number of copper ions, sulfate ions and crystal water molecules in each group of copper sulfate crystals is 1:10, which is blue. Under heating conditions, the crystal water can be completely lost, and the copper sulfate crystals become white.
The chemical formula CuSO4, white powder, has a relative density of 3.603. The solubility in water at 25 ° C is 23.05 g, insoluble in ethanol, soluble in water, and the aqueous solution is blue, which is a strong acid weak base salt because the hydrolysis solution is weakly acidic. The copper sulfate solution is concentrated and crystallized to obtain a blue crystal of copper sulfate pentahydrate, commonly known as cholesteric, copper or blue enamel, and has a relative density of 2.284. The biliary sputum is very stable under normal temperature and normal pressure, and does not deliquesce. It will gradually weather in the dry air. When heated to 45 ° C, two molecules of crystal water are lost. At 110 ° C, four molecules of crystal water are lost, and at 150 ° C, all crystal water is lost. Anhydrate. Anhydrate is also easily converted to cholesta. This property is often used to check for traces of moisture in certain liquid organic materials. The cholesterium is heated to a high temperature of 650 ° C and can be decomposed into black copper oxide, sulfur dioxide and oxygen.
In 1878, in the city of Bordeaux, France, most of the vine worms died, and the trees at both ends of the avenue were afraid of pedestrians picking. The trunk was coated with quicklime and copper sulphate solution. The trunk was white, and the pedestrians were saddened to pick. Eat, these trees are not dead, further research shows that this mixture has sterilization ability, hence the name Bordeaux mixture.It is best to use the “two-liquid method” when manufacturing, that is, the copper sulfate and the quicklime are mixed with the required half amount of water, and then poured into another container together, and the mixture is continuously mixed to obtain a navy gelatinous liquid. Bordeaux mixture should be used now. Because it is placed for too long, the gelatinous particles will gradually become larger and lower and lower the effect. Copper sulfate is also commonly used to prepare other copper compounds and electrolytes for electrolytically refining copper. Copper sulfate pentahydrate can be obtained by subjecting copper or copper oxide to sulfuric acid and concentrating and crystallizing. In the laboratory, concentrated copper sulfate can be used to oxidize metallic copper to prepare anhydrous copper sulfate.